Abstract
Author(s): Handini Dwi Safitri Sukma, Eighty Mardiyan Kurniawati*, Ira Humairah and Gatut Hardianto
Introduction: Rectovaginal fistula is a complication that is often caused by obstetric trauma, but currently rectovaginal fistula is more often caused by non-obstetric complications. Risk factors such as age, parity, fetal weight, history of malignancy, history of infection, history of gynecological surgery can increase the possibility of rectovaginal fistula in patients who suffer from it. With patient characteristics that are different from other countries, this study aims to describe the risk factors associated with the size of rectovaginal fistulas that form at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya, Indonesia.
Methods: This type of research is descriptive observational with a retrospective research design. The risk factors examined in this study were age, parity, fetal weight, history of malignancy, history of infection, and history of gynecological surgery.
Results: In this study, 27 cases were obtained consisting of 6 obstetric cases and 21 non-obstetric cases. In patients under 30 years of age, medium-sized rectovaginal fistulas (100.0%). The majority of patients were multiparous (66.7%) who had medium-sized rectovaginal fistulas. And most of them (80.0%) had normal fetal weight with medium-sized rectovaginal fistulas. In patients with a history of malignancy, the majority (84.6%) had medium-sized rectovaginal fistulas. Of the patients with a history of infection, 2 patients (100.0%) had medium-sized rectovaginal fistulas. And quite a lot of patients with a history of gynecological surgery (76.9%) had medium-sized rectovaginal fistulas.
Conclusion: Risk factors for rectovaginal fistula sufferers at Dr. Soetomo is a woman under 30 years old, has primiparous or multiparous parity, and has a fetus with a normal weight. Most patients also had a history of malignancy and a history of gynecological surgery, and very few had a history of infection. The majority of rectovaginal fistulas formed from various existing risk factors are medium size (0.5–2.5 cm).